Collisions Lab

Collisions in Two Dimensions Abstract This science research lab was conducted to study the theories of conservation of impulsion and energizing naught in different types of 2D shocks. In order to do this, two an live and in lively hitting was conducted on an transport table with hockey pucks. A video was taken and canvass to typeset velocity, allowing for future finding of momentum and kinetic zip determine. By finding these, it was possible to determine which kind of collision took place. With low values of mixed bag in momentum and kinetic nada that occurred in elastic collisions, it is understood that both atomic number 18 conserved in this type of collision.However, in the inelastic collision, momentum is conserved while kinetic energy is not. likely shift in this lab may have resulted from the neglect of crash and rotational kinetic energy. Overall, however, the results matched up well with the expected values. The objective of the lab was therefore met. Obje ctive The objective of this lab is to support that momentum testament be conserved in all forms of collisions, and that kinetic energy depart be conserved only in elastic collisions. Materials Materials used in this lab were a video camera, an air table with pucks and Velcro bands, and gent Pro software.Procedure Videos of collisions of air hockey pucks forget be recorded onto the figurers hard drive. Two different types of collisions will be canvas. The maiden will be nearly-elastic, with each puck going separate directions afterwards the collision. The other type is completely inelastic with each buck charge Velcro so as to stick together upon collision. The first collision requires first setting an origin on the video. Using the Set plateful tool, a distance scale will be set. Trajectory of the middle(a) puck is marked and an arbitrary time is picked at which data will begin being extracted.Points will then be added ane disgorge at a time until enough measurements are taken beforehand and after the collision. This is then repeated on the incident puck. This is done for both the center and the white dot on each puck. This data is automatically entered into Logger Pro. The data sets are then graphed. Straight lines are fitted to the graphs to determine the velocities , wich will be used to determine angular speed of the pucks rotation. A new video will be analyzed in part two. In this collision the position of the center of mound of both pucks will be tracked, along with the position of the center of one of the pucks.This will result in 8 sets of data points. Linear fits are used to determine the velocity components of each. Radius is then used to bode angular velocity. Results ELASTIC COLLISION Mass 1 Mass 2 V1ix V1iy V1fx V1fy V2fx V2fy 0. 05 0. 05 2. 557 1. 511 0. 077 1. 056 2. 488 0. 3909 Errors 0. 003525 0. 003886 0. 002806 0. 003190 0. 00481 0. 003588 P1ix P1iy P1i P2ix P2iy P2i Pi rack up 0. 1279 0. 0756 0. 04174 0 0 0 0. 041 74 Errors 0. 0001061 0 0. 0001061 P1fx P1fy P1f P2fx P2fy P2f Pf Tot ? P ? P/Pi 0. 1654 0. 03378 0. 03761 0. 01316 -0. 00198 0. 01331 0. 05092 0. 00918 0. 2199 Errors 0. 001665 0. 000224 0. 00168 KE1i KE2i KEi Tot KE1f KE2f KEf Tot ? KE ? KE/KEi 0. 01767 0 0. 01767 0. 01435 0. 001796 0. 01615 -0. 00152 -0. 08602 nonresilient COLLISION Mass 1 Diameter 1 Mass 2 Diameter 2 V1ix V1iy V1fx V1fy V2Fx V2Fy 0. 052 . 05 0. 052 0. 05 1. 361 1. 231 0. 7372 0. 9625 0. 5867 0. 9481 Errors . 007372 . 005637 . 04805 . 02558 . 007288 . 02936 P1ix P1iy P1i P2ix P2iy P2i Pi Tot 0. 2832 0. 02731 0. 03934 0 0 0 0. 03934 Errors 0. 000164 0 0. 000164 P1fx P1fy P1f P2fx P2fy P2f Pf Tot ? P ? P/Pi 0. 01479 0. 01901 0. 02409 0. 02274 0. 02443 0. 03338 0. 03338 -0. 00596 -0. 1515 Errors 0. 000242 0. 000243 0. 000343 ? KE1i KE2i KE rot i KEi Tot KEf lin = KE1f = KE2f KEf Rot KEf Tot ? KE ? KE/KEi 3. 27 0. 015 0 0 0. 015 0. 005387 0. 003397 0. 008784 -0. 00622 -0. 4144 selective information Analysis Angular Velocity =vr Conservation of impetus Elastic x-component 1v1ix+m2v2ix=m1v1fx+m2v2fx 502. 557+ergocalciferol=50. 077+502. 488 127. 85=128. 25 Error. 311% y-component m1v1iy+m2v2iy=m1v1fy+m2v2fy 501. 511+500=501. 056+50. 3909 75. 55=72. 345 Error4. 24% Inelastic x-component 50(1. 361)+50(0)=50(. 7372)+50(. 5867) 68. 05=66. 2 Error2. 8% y-component 50(1. 231)+50(0)=50(. 9625)+50(. 9481) 109. 675=95. 53 Error12. 9% Conservation of Kinetic Energy 12m1v1i2+12m2v2i2+12I11i2+12I12i2= 12m1v1f2+12m2v2f2+12I11f2+12I12f2 12506. 54+1250(0)+12(15625)(. 01)+12(15625)(. 003)= 12(50)(. 006)+12(50)(6. 19)+12(15625)(. 0018)+12(15625)(. 0002) 265. 0625=270 Masses heedful in kg*Velocities measured in m/s *Momentums measured in kgm/s*Energies measured in J * ? measured in rad/s Discussion The theories of conservation of momentum and conservation of energy in collisions in two dimensions were supported in this lab. While conservation of momentum was supported through both elastic and inelastic equations, conservation of energy was supported only through elastic collisions. Rotational kinetic energy also played a role in the results. The theories are extremely supported due to the low amount of error present in this lab.In calculating the final results of kinetic energy and momentum, mass and velocity measurements were used. Momentum and kinetic energy are variables dependent on those of mass and velocity, the breakaway variables. Because the graphs were position vs. time graphs, the velocity could be derived by looking at the slope. Because the permute in momentum in the elastic equation was a relatively small change, momentum in this collision was proven to be conserved. Kinetic energy was also conserved, as is characteristic of elastic collisions, with some other very small change.As expected, momentum was also conserved for the inelastic collision. Although the change in kinetic energy was small, the fact that there was some change supports it being an inelastic collision. Energy was not conserved, as expected. Some error in the lab could be contributed to the nearly (but not quite) frictionless air tables. Even slight friction may have affected the data. other contributing factor to overall error could be the rotational kinetic energy not accounted for in the elastic collision, seeing as energy would have been added to the system.This error could be reduced or eliminated by winning rotational kinetic energy and friction into account. Conclusion The objective of this lab was to support the theories of conservation of momentum in both elastic and inelastic collisions, and to support the theory of kinetic energy conservation in elastic collisions. Because the changes in the values of kinetic energy and momentum were so small, they be insignificant and the theories were supported. Therefore, the objective of the lab was met.